Abuse and Female Criminality

This paper looks at the association between female guiltiness and the event of misuse.  Abused detainees were progressively conceivable to report substance misuse issues, relational issues, passionate issues, and have a negative mentality towards life after jail. The discoveries propose the requirement for more investigation about the connection between ladies' guiltiness and misuse, and the making of projects for detained ladies who have been abused.Introduction Nearly the entirety of the accessible examination on the culpability of ladies recommends that there is an association among wrongdoing and natural issues, for example, perspectives towards ladies or financial opportunity.Nevertheless, numerous parts of ladies' encounters are yet to be inspected, especially corresponding to the quick expanding number of detained ladies. This paper takes a gander at the association between ladies culpability and the experience of physical, enthusiastic and sexual abuse.Historical standpoint of Women in detainment focuses and Prison Reform in the US  An appraisal of the restricted writing on the record of the imprisonment of ladies reveals a mind boggling set of political, social, and individual issues that are experienced by ladies in the US throughout the last two centuries.During the nineteenth century, the reason for imprisoning ladies and their experience once in jail were of nervousness to jail reformers. As indicated by Freedman (1981) in Their Sisters' caretakers, three conditions began to develop during the 1820s that offered ascend to the jail change pressure bunch for women.In the start, most northern states received the jail as a chief methods for diminishing and rebuffing crime. Second, a little yet significant number of ladies became detainees of these penitentiaries, especially after 1940. At long last, working class American ladies motivated both by generosity and their developing care as a sex got dynamic in change pressure bunches that carried them into contact with their kept sisters.Freedman (1981) recommend that the developing number of ladies in jail in the midst of 1815 and 1860 can be associated with social change, especially urbanization, and new operators of social force, for example, moral reformers and urban police.Under these controls, â€Å"not genuine wrongdoings against property or people, yet unlawful individual conduct, for example, vagrancy, inactive and muddled direct, and tipsiness â€brought most of law guilty parties of both genders into the courts and detainment focuses (Freedman, 1981, p. 14). All things considered, Freedman expresses that the moral codes for ladies were stricter, and in this way, ladies were increasingly at risk to be sentenced for such crimes.To add on, he brings up that low openings for work and lower pays for ladies realized financial minimization and added the requirement for ladies to fall back on criminal acts, for example, prostitution, especially during wars, when men were no t skilled to support their families. Prostitution was regularly the predominantly promptly accessible path for ladies to continue themselves and their family. When attempted or even associated with a wrongdoing, a lady turned out to be significantly more marginalized.The sentence for the nineteenth century lady criminal was the brand â€Å"fallen woman,† and the two people dismissed anybody associated with being a â€Å"fallen woman.† because of this disgrace, the female prisoner was to a great extent ignored and as often as possible exposed to congestion, unfeeling treatment, and sexual abuse.This approach towards ladies can be attracted to our European forerunners. As per Feinman (1980), in antiquated Rome, Greece and medieval Europe, the principle capacity of a lady was to give replacements to her better half to keep up his name and property line. Accordingly, slippery ladies could be executed in view of being unfaithful; they undermined the legitimateness of the heirs.In the late nineteenth century, Lombroso (1900) concocted a hypothesis of criminology which depended on Social Darwinism. Lombroso speculated that ladies, more unfortunate classes and nonwhites, were less developed than high society white men, as, were increasingly at risk to perpetrate criminal offences.He further added that for ladies to carry out wrongdoing and float from the â€Å"usual† way of † devotion, maternity, and shortcoming, her insidiousness probably been tremendous . . . (Lombroso and Ferrero, 1900, p. 150). This hypothesis helped with conjecturing the â€Å"fallen woman† concept.To effectively help ladies detainees, ladies reformers needed to free themselves from the since quite a while ago held common inclinations against â€Å"fallen women.† They needed to step over the â€Å"sexual clarity† line and recognize both the detained and themselves ladies as being a piece of a similar class: These less than ideal reformers fixated on the various conditions ladies detainees were exposed to and they were chiefly liable for the formation of isolated jails for women.In the Progressive Era, which is toward the start of the twentieth century, ladies reformers turned their enthusiasm to the premise of female guiltiness. They disposed of Social Darwinism and started to grow a sociological hypothesis of female guiltiness that assaulted the idea of a physiological criminal sort, take a gander at the relationship of mental fitness and wrongdoing, lastly â€Å"argued for a monetary clarification of ladies' crime.The most recent sociological hypothesis recognized natural establishments of wrongdoing, including low-paying occupations, absence of training, and neediness. Accordingly, it turned out to be evident that jails couldn't decide the social issues related with ladies' culpability. Reformers adopted various strategies toward understanding the social difficulties that were because of the detainment of ladies and towa rds helping ladies once incarcerated.On the one hand, succefull reformers who favored the extra-institutional, guarded administrations over imprisonment concentrated on transforming criminal equity rehearses before the phase of imprisonment.On the opposite side, different reformers attempted to propel the ladies' jails by means of better order and instruction, and expanded preparing. In this manner, these developing ecological change speculations prompted preventive administrations, for the most part planned for shielding monetarily underestimated ladies from utilizing criminal operations, for example, prostitution to determine monetary issues (Freedman, 1981).

International Bonds Credit Ratings Free Essays

For what reason do most International bonds have high Moody or Standard Poor’s FICO scores? FICO score Is a social Intermediary administration to give credit Information and reference to the network. FICO assessment Is alma to show the size of a credit default hazard the rating object, rating organizations center around budgetary conditions and chronicled information to give the general valuation of item. As of now, FICO assessment on the issue of global securities is the mainstream speculation chance valuation technique in the worldwide capital market. We will compose a custom paper test on Universal Bonds: Credit Ratings or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now In particular, this is surveyed on obligation overhauling limit of the issue securities in a period, its central reason for existing is to ensure the premiums of financial specialists. At present, there are around 20 FICO assessment organizations on the issue of universal bonds over the world, Moody, Standard Poor’s are the best 2 foundation everywhere throughout the world. In spite of the fact that they are private organization, however the rating scale and rules step by step become perceived as Internationally acknowledged examples with significant position. FICO score Is the traffic permit’ for bond backer to enter the Universal security markets. Universal bonds with high FICO assessment aced the worldwide Information strength and capital distribution rights. The rating will legitimately influence the degree of expenses and loan fees of oversea organizations, it likewise can influence the quality of a business or even the endurance and improvement of a nation. FICO assessment could give objective and unbiased credit data so as to fortify administration, maintain a strategic distance from dangers, streamline venture, help deals and improve productivity. High FICO assessment can build the worldwide business network mindfulness, improve intensity, to grow markets, increment deals and accomplish quick advancement of endeavors, extending the extent of corporate fund simultaneously, advancing financing achievement. High FICO assessment additionally can diminish financing costs in global ventures. Organizations with high FICO scores can get more credit approach In monetary trades, effectively to extend the size of financing, in this way diminish financing costs. Q. What should a borrower consider before giving double money securities? What should a financial specialist consider before putting resources into double cash bonds? Double cash gesture is a bond that is given in a money and pays coupons in the money too. At due date, the capital is paid in another money. The coupon rates for double money securities are normally higher than other straight fixed-rate securities. The measure of chief would set when the bond is given dependent on cash appreciate. There are numerous inspirations for Issuing the double cash bond, however the center explanation is because of the drawn out outside money offered by bank are seldom over 10 years, it must be utilized In request to maintain a strategic distance from the remote trade hazard. Swapping scale vulnerability would principally accommodating for both the borrower and Investor when managing double money securities. Cash variance will Influence whether a borrower or guarantor will pick up or misfortune. With respect to the borrower, if the gave money acknowledges or head, in this manner, the borrowers will profit. Be that as it may, if the gave and coupon money deteriorate or head cash acknowledges, the borrower will experience the ill effects of trade rates. With respect to the financial specialist are inverse to borrower. In the event that the important money acknowledges or gave cash deteriorates, the primary reimbursement they chive will be more significant than the gave money reimbursement, consequently, the financial specialists will profit. Despite what might be expected, they will experience the ill effects of trade rates. Regularly, coupon rate double cash security is higher than the single-money securities. On the publisher’s perspective, the reimbursement in various monetary standards may get lower hazard, in this way, the security backers were happy to pay a higher coupon rate so as to lessen conversion scale hazard, and decide to pay the double cash security. Q. Examine the way toward putting up another global bonds issue for sale to the public. The fundamental global security issuance forms are as per the following: (1) The guarantor will contact a speculation investor and request that it fill in as lead supervisor of a guaranteeing coop. The most effective method to refer to International Bonds: Credit Ratings, Papers

Using Example Physics Extended Essay Topics

Using Example Physics Extended Essay TopicsStandard essay writing examples often offer only a small selection of the many example physics extended essay topics available online. It is easy to fall into the trap of using these exercises for teaching and not as examples that can be adapted for personal use. There are a few points to keep in mind when writing an extended essay topic. After all, most students would like to avoid plagiarism issues.The first and most important point to consider is to use an example that is representative of the type of essay you will be writing. A science example is unlikely to be suitable for extended essays, because this particular topic covers a much broader range of concepts than a regular essay. You should avoid specific, technical terms. Use metaphors or common examples rather than specifics. Also, do not make things too abstract or you will be writing the essay in the same style as your professor.The second point to keep in mind is to avoid the use of grammatical and spelling errors. In general, it is best to stay away from the less traditional essays, which are usually used for this purpose. Make sure you write the essay in a clear, standard style.An example physics extended essay topics is helpful to show students how to structure their own essays. Students do not like to read long, detailed essays on the topic they are writing about. The goal is to find simple, concise examples that they can read and understand. For this reason, the appropriate way to present these examples is by using them as models for what to write about.There are several general trends that students can follow. Many examples are written in the third person. This is because the writer wants to emphasize how difficult the problem is for a layperson to understand. Keep in mind, however, that the reader should be able to see the question being asked and the answer being given.If the example uses the standard essay format, the first paragraph is very importa nt. Students should examine what is being asked in that paragraph. If there is no clear answer, then it is better to skip that paragraph and move on to the next one. Once a student understands what the question is, he or she can then move on to the next paragraph, and so on.In some cases, you might find that the language in the paragraph is simple and clear, and so the following paragraphs are better presented in the general format. Some examples might even be constructed to emphasize certain aspects of the problem. Be careful not to over emphasize the topic, however. For example, the first paragraph might focus on the problem itself.To summarize, use examples in your writing to add variety to the essay, but do not use these examples as examples for standard essay topics. Instead, use them as examples of extended essay topics.

Evil Unmasked A Character Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2835 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Frankenstein Essay Did you like this example? Scientist Albert Einstein once said, The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who dont do anything about it (Einstein). In the novels Frankenstein by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson, two of literatures most infamous scientists, Dr. Jekyll and Frankenstein labor to create and later unleash dangerous creatures who prey on the innocent with catastrophic consequences. In each novel, both men shirk the mantle of accountability and place blame at the feet of the monsters they begot. The question is not whether or not they are each partially culpable for their creations destructions, but rather, which of the pair is the most guilty? After investigating the motivations, morals, intentions, relationships, willingness to take accountability, and ultimate consequences of their actions, I concluded that despite Frankensteins creature committing more atrocities, Dr. Jekyll is the guiltiest, and worse, the true quintessence of evil. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Evil Unmasked A Character Analysis" essay for you Create order Dr. Jekyll and Frankenstein are both well respected affluential men whose passion for science drive them to explore unknown realms of science. However, their motivations and intentions for their scientific explorations differ. Victor Frankenstein is driven by ambition; he wanted to create a new race of humanoid creatures. His ambition and megalomania are ultimately his downfall. Frankenstein says A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. I might in process of time (although I now found it impossible) renew life where death had apparently devoted the body to corruption (Shelley). The innovative and arrogant scientist not only seeks to create life, he wants to cheat death. Frankenstein wants to be admired and lauded by the scientific community and all who know him. His motivations are never primal or existential. Frankenstein wants glory. His intentions in creating the monster are selfishly motivated but he never seeks to hurt anyone or create an evil. Frankensteins ambition blinds him to the full spectrum of responsibility he would ideally need to shoulder in order to be a just creator. His personal failings in that area lead Frankenstein and his creature down their treacherous path. Fear, desperation, and vanity motivate Dr. Jekyll. The doctor wants to indulge his darker side without consequence to his reputation. The creation of Mr. Hyde allows him to act out his darker impulses without fear of retribution or disgracing his character. He is quoted as saying, the worst of my faults was a certain impatient gaiety of disposition, such as made the happiness of many, but such as I found it hard to reconcile with my impervious desire to carry my head high (Stevenson). Dr. Jekyll is internally warring with his desire for a pristine public image and the desire to indulge in depravity. His internal struggle is not as black and white as good versus evil; his willingness to do good stems from his desire to be seen as a dignified philanthropic doctor, not from any innate goodness. His intention is to physically transform himself into a creature that embodies his darkest instinct. Frankensteins motivations might be selfish, but he does not foresee the consequences of his choices while he was making them. His intentions were pure. The same cannot be said for Dr. Jekyll because he labors to separate his dual natures and surrender control to the evil side of his nature. Despite his inability to know the ultimate consequences of his choice, the only outcome Dr. Jekyll could feasibly and rationally expect would be terrible. Dr. Jekyll has no intentions of vanquishing or quieting his dark side; he initially chooses to embrace it without hesitation or remorse, until, and only until, the consequences threaten his own existence as Dr. Jekyll. When discussing the monsters that Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll create, a key and imperative distinction is that Frankensteins monster is a separate entity capable of intelligent thought and autonomy of self while Mr. Hyde is an extension of Dr. Jekyll. In the letter that Dr. Jekyll leaves for his friend and lawyer, Mr. Utterson, Jekyll refers to Mr. Hyde as pure evil but yet, also states, I knew myself as the first breath of this new life, to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked, sold a slave to my original evil; and the thought, in that moment, braced and delighted me like wine when referring to his transition from Dr. Jekyll into Mr. Hyde (Stevenson). Dr. Jekyll creates the persona of Mr. Hyde as if Mr. Hyde is anything other than the physical manifestation of his own evil. In his letter to Mr. Utterson, he recounts his own thoughts as Mr. Hyde; meaning, he retains control of his person and the ability to contrast his own nature as Dr. Jekyll with who he is as Mr. Hyde. Dr. Jekyll is not simply the vessel in which Mr. Hyde lurks within; Dr. Jekyll is Mr. Hyde and, is therefore solely and completely responsible for the crimes he commits as Mr. Hyde. Even the name Dr. Jekyll dubs his alter ego, Hyde, suggest that Mr. Hyde is the mask in which Dr. Jekyll hides behind (Saposnik). Frankensteins cruel treatment of his creature is deplorable and apathetic to an almost criminal degree, but he does not think for, act, or control the monster. He may have shaped the creature into a violent murderous machine, but Frankenstein did not commit those atrocities himself. Dr. Jekyll is evil and chooses not to act on his impulses out of fear of being discovered. When he devised a way to be evil without personal accountability, the prospect of vicarious depravity thrilled him until the consequences became too great to bear (Stevenson). The attitudes in which the scientists regard their creations and in which the creatures regard their creators offers insight into the character of each scientist. From the first, Frankenstein is repulsed by his creations visage. After two years of toiling to create his monster, he says For this I have deprived myself of rest and health. I desire it with an ardor that far exceeded moderation; but now that I had finished, the beauty of the dream had vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart (Shelley). Frankenstein abandons his vision and, his monster wanders into the world, a social pariah from the instant his heart started beating. Dr. Jekyll initially clings to Mr. Hyde like a treasured possession. Mr. Hyde is Dr. Jekylls wildest dream come true; Hyde allows Jekyll to relish in the duality of his personalities and nature without consequences. It is only when Dr. Jekyll loses the ability to control the transformation that he becomes frightened of the consequences that his alter ego might incur. Frankensteins creatures emotions toward his creator are a heady mixture of hate, sorrow, and love. The creature hates Frankenstein for creating him, abandoning him, rejecting him, and forcing him to lead a solitary hopeless existence. In return, the monster essentially destroys Frankensteins life as he uses murder and destruction to force his creator into an existence as lonely and desolate as his own. You can see the monsters affection for his creator by the monster never seeking to murder Victor himself, his emotional response to Frankensteins death near the end of the novel, and when Frankenstein hunts his monster acr oss the ice, he finds food that, in all likelihood, the monster has left for him. Frankenstein shaped his creature into a desperate and volatile monster. He lacks compassion, empathy, and the ability to take accountability for his action but, his faults, terrible and pathetic as they may be, are not strictly evil. Mr. Hyde is indifferent to Dr. Jekyll. As Mr. Hyde, he is fearless, impulsive, and dangerous. Mr. Hyde is not caged or plagued by the human emotions of fear, guilt, shame, compassion, or love. He is only ever apathetic and evil. This gets confusing as Dr. Jekyll is Mr. Hyde, so why would he not care about himself? As Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll is not hindered by emotion. The only emotion he could be accused of is fear for himself when the unpredictability of the transformations leaves him vulnerable to exposure. Part of the experience of being Mr. Hyde is the liberation from emotional and social constraints that suffocate him as Dr. Jekyll. He would never be moved to any emotion as pure as gratitude or respect because Mr. Hyde is the most inhumane and evil aspects of Jekyll. Frankensteins rejection of his creature is cruel and callous, but his flaws show him to be a (terrible and insufferable) human (Sherwin). He didnt embark on his mission to create life with the aim to create evil, but Dr. Jekyll did. The character of the two scientists are revealed through their interactions with their creations. When examining which scientist is the guiltiest, it is important to consider the consequences and destruction both creatures hazard against others. Frankensteins creature murders Frankensteins younger brother, William; Frankensteins new wife, Elizabeth, and Frankensteins best friend, Henry Clerval. Indirectly, the monster is culpable in the death of Justine Moritz, Frankensteins father, and Frankenstein himself. The creature frames Justine Moritz for the murder of William Frankenstein. Frankensteins father, Alphonse, dies from grief over the death of Elizabeth. Victor Frankenstein dies from illness in the pursuit of the destruction of his creature. Stevenson never recounts the full extent of all of Mr. Hydes crime but alludes to sexual deviance and torture. Instead, Stevenson provides insight into two different accounts. The first being Mr. Hyde trampling a young girl and promptly abandoning with hurt child in the street. The second is his most heinous crime; Mr. Hyde brutally beats to death a member of parliament, Sir Danvers Carew, for no distinguishable reason. Indirectly, Mr. Hyde is responsible for the death of Dr. Jekylls friend and fellow scientist, Dr. Lanyon. Upon witnessing the transformation of Mr. Hyde into Dr. Jekyll, Dr. Lanyon states, I saw what I saw, I heard what I heard, and my soul sickened at it; and yet now when that sight has faded from my eyes, I ask myself if I believe it, and I cannot answer. My life is shaken to its roots (Stevenson). Dr. Lanyon never recovered from his encounter with Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and soon died of an unexplained illness. Like the crimes of Mr. Hyde, the death of Dr. Jekyll is somewhat murky. In his final letter to Utterson, Jekyll wonders whether if Mr. Hyde will choose execution or suicide when he inalterably possess Jekyll. Utterson later finds Mr. Hyde dead from cyanide poisoning. It is unclear in which form (Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde) he was in when he chooses to ingest the point. It is difficult to pinpoint which monster committed the most atrocities since the extent Mr. Hydes crimes are never definitively outlined. Based on the crimes solely depicted in each text, Frankenstein and his monster caused the most destruction with the deaths of no less than six people (seven people if you presume the monster ended his own life after the novels end). Mr. Hyde is responsible directly and indirectly of three people if you include Mr. Hyde ingestion of cyanide killing himself/Dr. Jekyll as onl y one death. The most disturbing and insightful revelation into the minds of Dr. Jekyll and Victor Frankenstein comes to light in their reaction to the crimes in which they are culpable. In his letter to Mr. Utterson, Jekyll takes accountability for the murder of Sir Danvers Carew and his altercation with the young girl. He details that the crimes were committed as Mr. Jekyll but the only blame he places is at his own feet as a consequence of his own duality of nature (Spasonik). As far as remorse, In his letter to Mr. Utterson, Dr. Jekylls details his thoughts after the death of Sir Danvers Carew, stating, I resolved in my future conduct to redeem the past; and I can say with honesty that my resolve was fruitful of some good. You know yourself how earnestly in the last months of last year, I laboured to relieve suffering; you know that much was done for others, and that the days passed quietly, almost happily for myself. Nor can I truly say that I wearied of this beneficent and innocent life; I think instead that I daily enjoyed it more completely; but I was still cursed with my duality of purpose (Stevenson). His statement suggests a man who feels some remorse for his action but, justifies them with musing of his own internal struggles. The remorse he feels for his crimes is superficial and, most importantly, it does not outweigh the joy he feels in being Mr. Hyde. Jekylls issue lays in the fact that since Mr. Jekyll is known to be the murderer of Sir Danvers Carew, it is no longer safe for Jekyll to assume the physical appearance of a man marked for death. Dr. Jekyll declares, Jekyll was now my city of refuge; let but Hyde peep out an instant, and the hands of all men would be raised to take and slay him (Stevenson). Throughout the novel, Dr. Jekyll is only truly concerned about his own fate and what the consequences of his actions are in regard to himself only. Victor Frankenstein is plagued by remorse and regret to the degree that it is hard for him to accept his role in the demise of his loved ones. He is quoted as saying, I beheld those I loved spend vain sorrow upon the graves of William and Justine, the first hapless victims to my unhallowed acts (Shelley). Frankenstein regrets and mourns the loss of his loved ones and even acknowledges his role in their demise, but ultimately, he places blame for their deaths at the feet of the monster and refuses to acknowledge his role in the horrors occurring when they begin to spiral out of control. For example, he knows the monster killed William, but he allows Justin to be executed for the crime because he does not want to be thought of as deranged. Throughout the novel, when Frankenstein recounts the grief and tragedy those around him endure, he always feels the need to note this his suffering is somehow more poignant. Victor Frankenstein labors under the delusion that no one suffers more than himself. This self-serving coping device provides an insight into the mind of the scientist who never fully takes accountability for his role in the destruction of his life. Dr. Jekyll and Victor Frankenstein both bemoan the catastrophes that plague them throughout the novel, but both men fail to realize their own selfish enterprises are what bring about their destruction. In his letter to Mr. Utterson, Jekyll paints the picture of his death in his surrender to Mr. Hyde, but earlier in the letter he recounts his autonomy and own feelings while in the form of Mr. Hyde. Frankenstein ceaselessly blames the monster for the murders of those he holds most dear, but only blames himself in the physical creation of the monster and not in the emotional trauma the monster endures at his hands. As a man, Frankenstein is flawed; he lacks compassion, empathy, and selflessness. He is not good, but he is never intentionally evil. Dr. Jekyll knows what he is doing in his quest to create Mr. Hyde. Jekyll knows Hyde will be and is evil. He chooses to proceed regardless. Jekyll is not a victim of his transformation into Mr. Hyde, he relishes in it until his inability to control the transformation leaves him vulnerable. Frankenstein and his monster may be responsible for the loss of more human life, but Dr. Jekyll is aware of his evils and brings it forward for his own selfish purposes. Citations Kestner, Joseph. Narcissism As Symptom and Structure: The Case of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism, edited by Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker, vol. 170, Gale, 2006. Literature Criticism Online, https://link.galegroup.com.proxy006.nclive.org/apps/doc/OTHKXV208477542/LCO?u=boon41269sid=LCOxid=43270053. Accessed 5 Dec. 2018. Originally published in Frankenstein, edited by Fred Botting, Macmillan, 1995, pp. 68-80. Toumey, Christopher P. The Moral Character of Mad Scientists: A Cultural Critique of Science. Science, Technology, Human Values, vol. 17, no. 4, 1992, pp. 411â€Å"437. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/689735. Saposnik, Irving S. The Anatomy of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Short Story Criticism, edited by Jelena O. Krstovic, vol. 126, Gale, 2010. Literature Criticism Online, https://link.galegroup.com.proxy006.nclive.org/apps/doc/OHHZIT627722378/LCO?u=boon41269sid=LCOxid=a7716c2a. Accessed 5 Dec. 2018. Originally published in Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, vol. 11, no. 4, Autumn 1971, pp. 715-731. Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, 1797-1851. Frankenstein, Or, The Modern Prometheus : the 1818 Text. Oxford ; New York :Oxford University Press, 1998. Print. Sherwin, Paul. Frankenstein: Creation as Catastrophe. PMLA, vol. 96, no. 5, 1981, pp. 883â€Å"903. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/462130. Stevenson, Robert Louis, 1850-1894. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. London :New English Library, 1974. Print.

Cost Containment A Way For Us Health Care Delivery System

Cost containment is a way for the U.S health care delivery system to solve inflation in cost which will save money for the hospitals involved. According to â€Å"Health Care Cost Containment: A Contradiction in Terms?† cost inflation has many contributors including the increased cost in hospitalization, advancing medical technology, prescription drugs, professional degrees, legal settlements, and other related services (McConnell CR, 2002, p.70-71). All of these contributors are coming from different aspects of the health care delivery system but they all end up with the same results. Cost containment effort ideas can solve all of those problems as long as they are properly implemented and people really believe in helping to keep costs at a†¦show more content†¦The effort to lower hospital costs for this example may be to create or require them to have a more expensive health care plan through the hospital that will give the facility a larger amount of income from tha t patient. Overall, there are many efforts for cost containment such as monitoring the cost of physician roles, prescription drugs, intensive care, and using extra effort as a registered nurse to avoid legal settlements that will help others and impact the practice of nursing. The first effort that will help with cost containment is monitoring the decisions of physicians. It is thought to be that physicians â€Å"determine who comes into our facilities, how long they stay, and what gets done to care for them along the way† (Rich Daly, 2013) If physicians really do determine all of that stated, then the efforts for cost containment need them to be the leaders. The article â€Å"Putting Physicians in the Lead for Cost Containment† also states that there are many factors that physicians can go through with such as improving daily care while keeping costs low, change procedures to â€Å"yield savings†, and it also states that they should be on top of things to notic e progress. All of those factors stated in the article can contribute to cost containment in a way that also improves the quality of care. The ideas given will help patients by giving them a higher quality of care and it will also help physicians by giving them a

The Myth of the American Dream Exposed in Death of a Salesman

Millers work on â€Å"Death of a Salesman† is an example piece of work furthering the social protest involving totalitarianism and the American Dream. Throughout the piece, Miller uses his voice of conscience and passion for the purpose of exposing the truth about the concepts. Using the perspective of Willy, a fictional, working class citizen, Miller picks apart the myth of the American Dream, exploring topics such as abandonment, betrayal, family dynamics, and using interesting symbolism along the way. With reckless abandon, Willy believes in the idea of the American Dream. In fact, thats a bit of an understatement. Willy is a dreamer, one that continues following that until its too late. In â€Å"13th Gen: Abort, Retry, Ignore,†¦show more content†¦When push comes to shove, Willy basically interprets what he wants in the wrong way, which eventually leads to his undoing. His ignorant faith in his own fabricated version of the American Dream is his downfall when he realizes that his life doesnt connect to his version of the American Dream. When abandonment is brought into question, it is clear to see that Willys life is a collection of issues involving just that. Every case of abandonment in his life leaves him in more anguish than ever before. When he was a child, his father leaves him and his brother, leaving them nothing to remember him by, financially, or otherwise. Eventually his brother moves to Alaska, injecting the heart of the issue that is his warped version of the American Dream. As a result, Willy is afraid of abandonment, which influences him to raise his family in a way that will fit the mold of model American citizens. However, his attempt to do so has resonance with the concept that he has lost touch with reality. He feels like a failure. 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Innocence and Experience free essay sample

Where ignorance is bliss, ins folly to be wise comes from one of Thomas Grays works. What Gray means by this Is that sometimes It Is better to not know some things about life, and this time Is when you are still young. You are not ridiculed for being innocent because everyone knows that you do not have as much experience as adults do. Thomas Gray misses this aspect of being a kid, but also knows that it is important to learn new things and to understand that the world is not perfect. In Toni Cede Bamboos short story The Lesson, a group of poor African American girls re unaware of how other people live until they meet an African American woman named Miss Moore and she teaches them an Important lesson. The girls find MISS Moore to be Incredibly strange and different due to the fact that she Is an African American, yet she has a goddamn college degree (96) and always looked like she was going to church (96). We will write a custom essay sample on Innocence and Experience or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Miss Moore is not like most African American women during their time in their neighborhood. She always looks presentable, speaks good English, and is well educated.She was the only person in their neighborhood to have n education, and for an African American woman to go to college In their time period was new. Because they live In poverty and they do not have parents who have college degrees, or even went to college, this makes Miss Moore the perfect person to look up to and aspire to be. In order to teach the group of girls a lesson, she takes them to the city, which is filled with several white people dressed in expensive clothing and even one lady in a fur coat, hot as it is (97). It is obvious that this is probably one of the first times that these girls have seen white people. Their first impression to them is that they are crazy. Before going into the store Sugar, Sylvia cousin, asks If they could steal. And she was being serious. Once Inside of the toy store, all of the girls are in shock at how expensive everything is. Sylvia, the narrator of the story, claims that a paperweight is overpriced, But for $480 it dont make sense (98). Then they find a sailboat that costs $1,195 and Sylvia is puzzled and thinks, that much money should last forever (99). The girls go on about how that mind of money could feed them and their families for a long time. They do not understand why somebody would buy something that you will barely use for that much money when you can buy a bunch of other Items that are necessary and are used daily, such as food and clothes. The children begin to understand that the people who buy these kinds of things have lots of money and in order to have that much money, you need a Job. They know that the kind of that gets you that money is one that requires a college degree, and you have to go to college to get that.They probably did not know that they could get one before they met Miss Moore because they were raised In poverty and did not know anybody that had a college degree. This was one of the lessons that that Miss Moore wanted the girls to learn and understand. You need to be confident and do something that will help you get far in life even if nobody else around you is doing it. Another lesson that Miss Moore teaches the girls is that you should always aim to do your best and even more, but still be happy with what you have and not be embarrassed by It.We see that Sylvia realizes that although they are not the richest people, they still got fur dollars anyway;ay (101). Which means that even though they do not have much, they still have something and Just because it is little does not mean it does not have value. Sylvia suggests that they use that money to go to the Hassocks and buy a lot of food that they can share. Sylvia and Sugar race down to the Hassocks and when Sugar gets ahead of her, Sylvia says, she can run if she want to and even run faster.But anti nobody goanna beat me at nothing (101). Even though Sylvia doesnt say it out loud to anybody because of her big ego, we know that Miss Moore was successful in teaching her a lesson. After seeing all of the overpriced toys, she realizes that nobody Just has that kind of money; instead they had to work hard for it. She is happy with whatever she has, whatever it is, but she will still strive to be better and even race to be the best in order to be a success and nobody will beat her.This short story relates to Grays quote because the girls did not know what exactly as going on in the world outside of their neighborhood because they were innocent and still young and did not have any experiences in the city. After Miss Moore took them to the city, they had the experience to see how they relate to the outside world, and they learn that they are opposites. They understand now because of Miss Moore that you should be happy with what you have, but you still should always be persistent in getting better and achieving what you do not have and to not be upset over it.

Hamlet Essays (803 words) - Characters In Hamlet,

Hamlet Hamlet identifies with an adolescent of the 1990's more than he does with the youth of his own time. Hamlet is immature, sarcastic, and takes action during the heat of passion which is very much like the behavior of the youth in the 1990's. Love, control over action, and the ability to overcome depression are just a few ways to prove maturity. It is obvious Hamlet loves Ophelia in his own way ?. . . the celestial and my soul's idol, the most beautified Ophelia . . .? (Hamlet. II, ii, 109- 110), but his way is not mature enough to include trust toward his lover. The trust that Hamlet should have given her was the key of his madness. This madness that Hamlet cannot trust his love with is the same madness that he loses total control over because of his immaturity; it then causes him to do things, such as kill Polonius, that a person that was mature could stop. The madness that Hamlet assumes is understandable but he can never get over the actual death of his father by still wearing blac k a year later, and the hasty marriage of his mother to Claudius. Compared to Horatio who is calm and cool throughout the play, and Fortinbras who collected an army to fight for his uncle's land and honor, Hamlet's maturity level for his time is low, especially for being a prince. Today Hamlet's age group is more immature than during his own time so he relates to the youth of the 1990's better than he does with the adolescents of his own time. Sarcasm, and blunt rudeness is often used by Hamlet in order to offend people that, during his time, he should not have offended. Hamlet often used the hasty marriage of his mother to offend Claudius. The first time that Hamlet offends Claudius in the company of another person is when Claudius is supposed to be helping cheer Hamlet up. ?A little more than kin, and less than kind.? (Hamlet. I, ii, 65) is just as rude during Hamlet's time as almost anything that a person could say today, it just takes a little thinking for the people of today to get what Hamlet means. The second person that Hamlet is openly rude to is Polonius. Hamlet, in front of Claudius and Gertrude, insults Polonius by calling him ?. . . a fishmonger.? (Hamlet. II, ii, 174) This is not the only way that Hamlet offended Polonius. Hamlet offended Polonius by insulting his daughter. Hamlet is crude in his own day by asking Ophelia ?Lady, shall I lie in your lap (Hamlet. III, ii, 115) What is strange about Hamlet's ability to use his mouth is that the youth of today is able to use the same kinds of sarcasm and rudeness effectively, just as Hamlet does, but with Hamlet's political position he should not have offended the people such as his stepfather. Being radical and acting on impulse is something that Hamlet had to use in order to get his work finished. Hamlet, having a hard time getting revenge, applied his anger from the judgment of his mother to kill who he thought was Claudius. Hamlet also needed to be on his own deathbed in order to finally get angr y enough to kill Claudius. The way that Hamlet uses his anger to take action is very much like the youth today in the fact that if someone has a problem with log cutting, for example, they hold protests and take action against that problem. The second way that Hamlet is extreme is when he goes with the ghost that looks like his father even though his friends warn him that the ghost may be evil and ?. . .tempt you toward the flood . . . Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff . . .? (Hamlet. I, iv, 69-70). If the prince was thinking right he would not have gone with the ghost that resembled the old ?. . . King, father, royal Dane . . .? (Hamlet. I, iv, 45) Hamlet's radical actions do not just prove that he is immature but also proves that he needs action from outside sources

Western Legal Tradition Essays

Western Legal Tradition Essays Western Legal Tradition Essay Western Legal Tradition Essay To what extent did the concepts and institutions of the western legal tradition influence the colony of New South Wales and, ultimately, the development of the Australian legal system? Australia inherited a legal system and a system of government from its colonial power, Britain. An understanding of Australian law requires tracing of development of law and legal institutions in England. Britain shares many of the basic concepts of law found in other parts of Western Europe. The underlying concepts and principles of law of Western Europe are generally referred to as Western Legal Tradition’.Western legal tradition along with English law greatly impacted the legal system in the colony of New South Wales. This essay will explore the influence of western legal tradition on the legal system of New South Wales leading to the development of Australia’s own legal system. Overview of the western legal tradition and its significance to Australian law There are two distinct systems of law in the western legal tradition despite sharing similar philosophical underpinnings. Britain follows the common law and the continental Europe follows civil law.These two systems represent a single western tradition, with a shared understanding that law has a central role to play in all social organisations. It has three main characteristics, a) the autonomy of law it remains differentiated from politics, religion and morality; b) the centrality of law law as a means of social ordering and change pervades in all aspect of society; and c) moral authority of law law is respected, i. e. law should be obeyed as a positive obligation and not for fear of punishment. British concepts and institutionsMany of the legal concepts and institutions like the rule of law, trial by jury, parliamentary sovereignty, representative and responsible government (the parliamentary democracy), judicial independence and many more originated in medieval English history following the Norman invasion in 1066. This conquest impacted on the subsequent development of law and legal system in England. The administration was feudal system. The empire was divided into a number of fiefdoms and each fiefdom had its own law courts. Good governance required unified system of administration and a unified legal system.Unification of legal system was achieved through sending judges around the country deciding civil and criminal cases. These judges applied the law consistently by developing a common set of principles and procedure replacing different customary laws of individual fiefdoms. The body of rules from these rulings became known as common law. Judges applied a principle created in the previous case in future cases with similar facts, and developed the doctrine of precedent. The application of these precedents required a system of reporting and publications.Thus the common law is the by-product of an administrative triumph, the way in which the government of England came to be centralised and specialised during the centuries after the conquest. In 1215 through the Magna Carta many limitations were placed on the authority of the King with the aim of curving arbitrary abuse of power. The King had to agree to rule with a committee of barons. The king also lost the power to tax. No new tax can be levied without the consent of the curia regis. The Westminster model of parliamentary government eventually evolved from this. Development of the Australian legal systemThe acquisition of the Australian continent in 1770s resulted in the introduction of English law in these colonies. The legal system introduced was dependent for its legal validity on a number of British statutes, including the Australian Constitution Act 1900. Between 1855 and 1890 the British Parliament granted a limited right to set up a local system of government (granting of responsible government) to individual colonies within Australia. During the late 19th century efforts were made to create one state out of six independent colonies, and a series of conventions were held in the 1890s to draft a constitution agreed by all colonies.Following a referendum in each colony to approve the draft constitutio n the British Parliament passed this Constitution paving way for the independence of Australia. The removal of British Parliament’s power to enact laws for Australia was formally done through the Australia Act 1986 (UK) passed by the British parliament. This Act also made the High Court of Australia the last court of appeal in Australia. This meant final independence from Britain. Development of a distinct legal system in AustraliaThough the Australian law has originated and developed from English law but due to local circumstances it was impracticable to transplant English law in New South Wales as demonstrated in Kables case. Henry and Susannah Kable were prisoners being transported to Australia. They deposited money with their ships captain but the money disappeared. Under English law, the Kables, being prisoners, were considered attainted and therefore were unable to sue people in civil matters. However, they were allowed to sue in New South Wales, as it was realised that this law of attaint is impractical in a new penal colony where everyone is a prisoner.This case marked the beginning of departure of application of English law paving the way for a new distinct system of law to evolve in New South Wales. However, in line with the western tradition the Australian legal system is based on a fundamental belief in the rule of law including equality before law, the independence of the judiciary. Many safeguards exist to ensure that people are not treated arbitrarily or unfairly. Principles such as procedural fairness, judicial precedent and the separation of powers are also fundamental to Australia’s legal system.Along with these western traditions clearly there were many distinguishing features separating Australian system from English system as manifested in the Australian Constitution of 1901. Unlike Britain Australia has a written constitution. Australia follows a federal system contrary to British unitary system. In a federal system the cons titution distributes the powers between the federal government and the states whereas in a unitary system there is no need for a distribution of powers. The states and territories have their respective government with independent legislative powers.Each of the federal and state governments has three separate branches of government- legislative, executive and judicial. The British Parliament enjoys Parliamentary Sovereignty, i. e. it has the right to make or unmake any law, and a law passed by the parliament cannot be overridden or set aside by another authority. In Australia, the powers of the parliament are limited by the constitution and the Australian High Court can declare a law passed by the parliament invalid if it is unconstitutional. Moreover, the British constitution is flexible whereas the Australian constitution is rigid.The British Upper house, House of Lords, comprises of non-elected nominated members whereas the upper house in Australia, the Senate, comprises of direct ly elected members representing their respective states and territory. Voting in Britain is voluntary though compulsory in in Australia. From the above discussions it is clear that the Australian legal system and the institutions of governance were influenced, created and shaped by the British law. Despite, these influences due to Australian distinct historical and political needs there emerged a separate legal system in Australia.

Marketing Research case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Research case study - Essay Example The main purpose of research is to gather information that can be used to satisfy the needs and interests of the consumers profitably. It is imperative to gather as much information as possible about a market so that the marketers will be better positioned to be able to identify the factors that can give them competitive advantage over the other rival competitors. Market research is important as it seeks to create an environment that will give the organisation competitive advantage. 2. The management decision problem facing Wendy over their intention to expand to USA is that they may be over ambitious and fail to penetrate the market due to competition in the industry. It is a bit difficult to penetrate an industry and manage to sweep through the other established businesses entities already established without better marketing strategies than they will be using. For instance, McDonald’s uses cutting edge marketing strategies and this will be an uphill task for Wendy’s to easily surpass this performance given that they are just comfortable with their current performance which is even comparatively lower than that of the rival competitors. It has to be borne in mind that establishing a new business enterprise should not be rushed and there is need for proper plans to be put in place so as to ensure that there would be higher chances of surviving especially in a competitive environment. Launching a new product in the market is not always a guarantee that it will succeed but the need to be acquainted with market trends that are constantly changing. 3. The marketing research facing Wendy is that they are out of touch with their market since they are not venturing into something new by virtue of performing fairly in the market. It is pretty difficult to penetrate a market without knowledge about it. The problem is that when one does not have current knowledge about the interests of the customers, it can be a bit tricky since the chances of

Using dehumanizing terms that historically mean something else Research Paper

Using dehumanizing terms that historically mean something else - Research Paper Example Once people start using a word in a certain way the new usage becomes widespread and with time, becomes an official adaptation. Although the word has various meanings, it is usually within a similar concept. The word â€Å"queer† is one of the words used for various meanings today. The word has evolved over time. With every passing generation, a new interpretation of the word has risen. The Oxford dictionary states that the word can be used as an adjective to mean strange or odd, as a noun to mean Homosexual, or as a verb meaning spoil or ruin. However, the dictionary puts emphasis on the overall usage of the word as a homosexual reference. There is an observation of the reference in many cultures in the world over a long period. â€Å"In recent years, however, gay people have taken the word queer and deliberately used it in place of gay or homosexual, in an attempt, by using the word positively, to deprive it of its negative power (â€Å"Oxford University Press,† 1).† In historical reference of the homosexual population, the word was brought forth in a derogatory manner. In the British world, it indicates that someone or something has a peculiar characteristic about them. The 1980s was the point in which the use of the word, in the sense in question, arose. This caused a big stir within the gay and lesbian community. This led to the formation of an action organization in the 1990s at the grass root level in New York with the aim of fighting against the occurrence of Homophobia and preserving the right of gay and lesbian persons (Eaklor, 72). It is then that the group took ownership of the word â€Å"queer† as previously stated to transfer its use to a proud sense rather than its previous derogatory meaning. Therefore, the younger generation in the 21st century regards the word as an expression of open-mindedness with regard to same-sex attractions. The mainstream media has also adopted the usage of the term in the same sense. The

Postmodern tendencies in American TV Essay Example for Free

Postmodern tendencies in American TV Essay Television scholars have observed that in the past twenty years American popular television has undergone a major transformation in style and form. John Thornton Caldwell uses the term televisuality to signify a development in the images running through the small screen. Such a shift in form and presentation developed alongside contextual factors. Caldwell explains his view in detail: Starting in the 1980s, American mass-market television underwent an uneven shift in the conceptual and ideological paradigms that governed its look and presentational demeanor. In several important programming and institutional areas, television moved from a framework that approached broadcasting primarily as a form of word-based rhetoric and transmission†¦to a visually based mythology, framework and aesthetic based on an extreme self-consciousness of style. (1995, p. 4) This emphasis on style is predicated on reconceptualizations of form and presentation in television, consequentially changing production and labor practices: With increasing frequency, style itself became the subject, the signified, if you will, of television. In fact, the self-consciousness of style became so great that it can more accurately be described as an activity—as a performance of style—rather than a particular look. (1995, pp. 4 -5) Televisuality is more than a historical phenomenon; it is also a discursive product. The ramifications of televisual style are brought about by business conditions, technology and audience reception, as well as intended changes in industry and aesthetic practices. Certainly there are factors unique to this contemporary trend, but Caldwell is quick to point out that televisuality is not some original invention that does not have historical precedents. It can be traced from a long history of â€Å"aesthetic posturing†; that is, stylization has been a regular artistic practice in television production that has snowballed, albeit unevenly, into what mass-market television has become of date. Furthermore, stylization is tied to a much broader landscape—to processes of transformation in mass media and American popular culture. Caldwell’s approach, that of historicizing and contextualizing stylization, necessarily leads to another aspect—its ideological implications. Given the rather broad conceptualization, instead of offering one sweeping definition Caldwell identifies six principles of televisuality (pp. 5-10). These principles are explored in-depth in his seminal work, Televisuality: Style, Crisis and Authority in American Television. I shall enumerate them and briefly explain the author’s ideas in the paragraphs that follow. Even though these tenets were discussed with special reference to the 1980s, the era that signaled the major turn in television’s presentational format, I will nevertheless explain them with the presumption of their universal (non-time bound) applicability. 1. Televisuality was a stylizing performance—an exhibitionism that utilized many different looks. According to Caldwell, televisuality is a â€Å"presentational attitude† that emphasizes exhibitionism. Exhibitionism is evinced through the use of different existing visual looks and stylizations, leading to different of â€Å"guises†. This means that the conventional genres of presentation and format are less evident. The constant â€Å"experimentation† and blurring of boundaries make for a certain visual spectacles. 2. Televisuality represented a structural inversion. If before television shows prioritized subject over style, and the visual packaging of the image was relegated to the background, beginning in the mid-1980s some shows placed style on the foreground. This practice is not simply a positional swap. Style or the presentation of the image, Caldwell clarifies, is the subject, or in other words, is significantly tied to the text itself: â€Å"(S)tyle was no longer a bracketed flourish, but was the text of the show† (p. 6). To analyze the televisual text is to articulate to the act of presentation of the subject itself. 3. Televisuality was an industrial product. The third principle refers to an important foundation of televisuality—the mode of production. For Caldwell, televisuality—including the â€Å"presentational guises, the narrative forms, and the politics of mainstream television† (p. 7) stems from the technological and production developments, some of which result from specific cultural and economic needs. At the same time, the production base evinces particular audience attitudes and responses. 4. Televisuality was a programming phenomenon. As stated earlier, televisuality is a product of television history; it has its precedents. Exhibitionism and spectacle is not an entirely unique phenomenon; what is unique is the manner in which â€Å"showcasing† is done by broadcast networks. Another example is the presentation and branding of some shows as â€Å"special events†: Programming designed around special-event status was also not entirely new, although the kind of prestige and programming spin that special events offered threatened to dominate television by the late 1980s. † (p. 9) Thus, today the viewer finds â€Å"exclusive† news coverage commonplace in news and public affairs shows, and there is a saturation of â€Å"reality† game shows documenting the lives of ordinary people desperate for instant fame and fortune. 5. Televisuality was a function of audience. Caldwell notes how television audiences have become more varied in terms of taste and preferences. Audience response, from his view is both manufactured by networks, as well as a function of agency. As the cultural literacy of audiences is developed across different social segments, audiences’ sensibilities are also trained by the continuous development and revision of shows on television. For example the introduction of video games in the mass market in the early 80s profoundly shaped young people’s lifestyles. Meanwhile, television makes use of technological developments like the videogames to reinvent the stylistic wheel, so to speak, in turn orienting audiences towards developing new viewing pleasures. 6. Televisuality was a product of the economic crisis. In the 1980s, mainstream networks were stunned by the popularity of cable viewing. Caldwell believes stylistic showcasing is the mainstream networks’ approach to â€Å"protect(ing) market share† as the business conditions became more competitive. While Caldwell focuses on stylistic (re)presentation in contemporary American television, another scholar, Jason Mittell (2006), focuses on developments in television genre and narrative. Mittell uses the concept of narrative complexity to approach the intertextual tendencies of television serials. Following his work that posits a cultural approach to genre study (A Cultural Approach to Television Genre Theory, 2001), Mittell insists that popular American television should be broadly understood as a product of cultural, historical, and structural forces. New trends in genre development should be examined alongside contextual factors – network business outcomes, shifts in industrial and artistic practices, technological innovations, and audience tastes and responses. Additionally, narrative complexity should be approached as a cultural phenomenon. Mittell’s critical perspective shares with Caldwell a broader view of television studies, whereby context is read into particular aspects of the text (style/stylization, genre, narrative). Like Caldwell, he also situates the unique formal qualities of the narrative within structural and historical developments in production, circulation and audience reception. Perhaps in anticipation of Mittell’s view, Caldwell (1995) also suggests that one way of analyzing the form and functions of televisuality by comparing earlier conventional genres and more recent attempts to incorporate stylistic embellishment and exhibitionism (p. 18). Mittell observes that narrative complexity is a striking feature of some of today’s popular television fare, offering an alternative to earlier conventional formats. Mittell takes after film scholar David Bordwell with the view that the term encompasses a particular set of â€Å"norms of narrational construction and comprehension† (Bordwell cited by Mittell, 2006, p. 29), which combines different genres, movements and creators in coming up with a coherent whole. These features are drawn from cinema as a reference, however, and thus Mittell also points out that while cinematic techniques over the last decade have also shaped the television narrative in certain ways (for instance, the crossing-over of film auteurs and practitioners to the small screen have brought about a new breed of â€Å"quality television† or â€Å"intelligent† serial programs; filmic intertextuality, or the combination of other media like novels and comic books in making films), contemporary television storytelling style should still be examined according to the medium’s unique features, structures, history and language (p. 29). Mittell also adopts what he calls a â€Å"historical poetics† in his definition of narrative complexity an approach that invites the reader to go beyond the borders of the text. The textual features should be read in conjunction with particular socio-historical contexts—industry and production trends, technological developments, and changing audience behaviors, and the like. Awareness of the influence of specific contextual factors assumes that narrative development is not an isolated textual whole but a product of external factors. Mittell then traces the rise of narrative complexity in the television. Most of the television practices he cites are more or less synonymous to factors that also brought forth the era of televisuality, which Caldwell pointed out. For instance, Mittell explains how the appeal of the small screen captivated film creators and professionals who started out in the film industry. David Lynch (Twin Peaks), Allan Ball (Six Feet Under), and Joss Whedon (Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Angel) are notable examples. Part of the attraction is that television, being a â€Å"producer’s medium†, creators gain more authority and leverage compared to the director-centric film production (p. 31). Modes of television viewing also compelled networks to re-strategize programming practices and schedules. Beginning in the mid-80s the popularity of serial narratives gradually declined. It was found that audiences lacked the sustained attention for weekly serials. A relatively new kind of practice, the syndication of TV programs became a major challenge for networks, as it gave audiences more elbow room to view episodes of their favorite shows without having to follow a fixed weekly schedule. Another trend that Mittell observed in terms of reception is the increasing diversity of audiences. As new broadcasting companies and channels add to the media clutter, they develop shows that cater to certain demographic brackets or attuned to specific cult followers in order to compete with established networks like CBS and NBC. As always, technological innovations impact significantly on television. For Mittell, the television industry easily latches on the latest technology to advance aesthetic and production purposes. As an example, one of the most recent developments that single-handedly changed the cultural landscape is the Internet. Television cashed in on this new technology by putting up fan sites and â€Å"official† TV program sites. These sites extend television viewing, as they enable followers to do a range of activities (discussion of episodes with other viewers, purchasing of merchandize, research information about the show) in relation to the show itself. The postmodern turn in television The above discussions can be subsumed to the overarching theoretical paradigm called postmodernism. Televisuality and narrative complexity can be regarded as actual structural features and dynamics that demonstrate the postmodern condition in the realm of television. Several of the features and themes that characterize postmodernism, charted by Jim Collins in â€Å"Television and Postmodernism† (1997) resonates with the definitions of televisuality and narrative complexity proffered by Caldwell and Mittell. For instance, Collins discusses how postmodernism is predicated on the proliferation and circulation of signs or images, in part propelled by the latest technology (cable, VCR, digital technology, the Internet) (p. 193). The bombardment of images, all of which demand the viewer’s attention, eventually effaces meaning. The primacy of the image is also an attribute of televisuality, especially in its claim that style is the text/signifer. In addition, there is also the logic of excess that in televisual parlance translates to excessive style. Eclecticism seems to be a commonplace notion in discussions of televisuality and narrative complexity. In the latter, the employment of various styles in the process of expermentation or stylization is a form of eclecticism; in the latter, the cross-fertilization of differing genres. Related to this is intertextuality, the use or borrowing of various formats resulting in the blurring of boundaries, or the reorganization of genre or style hierarchies. Though features of conventional prototypes may still be recognizable in a given text, their combination or recombination attracts the viewer’s attention more distinctly. In this paper I will attempt to show what is postmodern in American television. Many accounts of postmodernism dabble in excess themselves, and fail to anchor much of the claims in empirical realities. I believe that what postmodernism articulates in theory is more acutely contained in the concepts of televisuality and narrative complexity. Thus, while the critical perspective employed here remains to be postmodernism, my analysis uses more empirical conceptual handles.

Women Essay examples -- Gender Roles, Inequalities Between Men and Wom

Through the involvement of government legislature and the evolving demeanor of today’s society, inequalities between men and women in the workplace have dwindled to an all time low. However, while it is inevitable that progress continues, the struggle remains for women to gain the full equality they deserve. Many individuals are in error, believing that the war against gender discrimination has come to a victorious halt, however, this is not the case. It is essential to constitute the degree of validity, or ambiguity concerning the pervasive affirmations of a decrease in discrimination against women in the work force. Women endure a constant struggle as they fight to acquire, in all aspects, equality at work. Female news anchor certainly partake in this particular struggle. The road to news anchoring is an imperious one; survival is seldom and flourishing in the profession is less than common. As of today, the numbers of women who succeed as anchors is deficient due to the in conspicuous discrimination that hinders women’s progress in the profession. There exists a plethora of men who have succeeded in the alluring yet demanding occupation of news anchoring, however, women, on the other hand, are avidly awaiting not only progress, but prosperity. heir lack of ascendancy continues to be impeded by the strict standards for beauty set for women in the industry, contrasted by the looser requirements expected of men. To succeed as newscasters women must surpass men in all aspects, their work ethic must be more efficient, their appearance must be flawless and they must go beyond their limits, testing their capabilities. While critical steps have been taken by women in televised broadcasting, equality is remote since men are a domina... ... has been demonstrated that women are more than willing to confront these situation in order to succeed as anchorwomen. Though there is much progress to be made before equality among men and women on the news desk is attained, women continue to stand firmly on their views concerning discrimination and don’t go down without a fight. The incompetence society deems of women as news anchors is unjust; women are more than qualified and their potential to thrive is beyond what one can imagine. Though the role physical appearance plays among male and female news anchors is a crucial one, especially for women, it should not interfere with a woman’s professional progress. Discrimination severely limits a woman’s advancement in their profession, which is greatly unjust; opportunities to ascend should be given to all and anything that inhibits this should be terminated.

Photography Analysis Year

This image by Sarah Ann Loretta can be described as a woman slowly drowning g in water . What makes this image stand out is the atmosphere that is being portrayed in it. It's a moody and dark atmosphere that creates the massive impact in the image. There are 3 factors that create the mood. The expression on the woman's face, the lighting and droplets of rain within the image. The photograph has a low depth of field as it is only focusing on the woman's face.It was taken in landscape format to show the length of the woman's body and this was a v ere good effect as it enhances the atmosphere within the image. This was done by creating a liar GE amount of space around the model and giving the photograph a moody and lonely ape arrange. Keeping the position of the model in the centre it creates the mood that nothing is are undo her which sustains the mood of the photograph. The colors of the photograph is mixed between whites,greens and blacks. Tit the background on the photograph being very dark and murky, Loretta enlarges the mood of the photograph by contrasting the model's clothe Eng to an innocent white, and with the model's serious expression with big, deep almost sorrows LU eyes has brought the image together. HTTPS://www. Licker. Com/photos/laurelling/8637194920/ This is a photograph by Laura Galena and it's called â€Å"facing it calmly†. The pH autograph shows a woman in a red dress walking through a dull forest.This image stands out du e to the contrasting colors between the bright red color of the woman's dress and the dull brow won colors. The photograph is taken in landscape format to accentuate the size of the backer mound which creates a mood towards the photograph. It has a high depth of field showing the ammo unit Of detail around the whole image. Candela used natural light to show the contrasting red dress .

Research Methods Critics of a Qualitative and...

The author of this essay will critically appraise tow nursing articles. A qualitative paper published in the Journal of Advance Nursing (JAN) which will be referred as ‘article one’. A quantitative paper published in the Journal of Wound Care which will be referred as ‘article two’ in this essay. Both articles are wound care related. In order to examine the strength and weakness of the articles, the author of this essay will use a set of tools using a methodological analysis. Therefore demonstrate an understanding of the research process and relate to professional practice. There are several types of wounds for examples: postoperative, leg ulcer, diabetic and pressure sore (Sussman, 2012). Wounds can be acute or chronic in nature (Waugh †¦show more content†¦Using the same method with PICO for article two the quantitative research, only one result was found. Using a peer review search for both articles there was no peer-review of article two. According to Traynor Rafferty (2000) a peer review practice make possible to maintain journals credibility. And help to judge of the trustworthiness of the published material (Parahoo, 2006). To conclude the database supported the finding of the searches. The keys words in the abstract were relevant as there aid for the literature research. In addiction it offered up to date information on the subject. Both articles used up-to-date journal to perform their literature search using primary sources materials for referencing. Primary sources are original research articles written by the person who conducted the study and present original thinking, report or share new information (Paterson, 1993). Although both journals used journal, not all journal publish the original research according to Cormark et al (2006). What follow is a critical evaluation of the literature review. A good literature review is considered to prepare the ground for new research (Beck and Pilot, 2012), discuss previous work if necessary in order to explore the depth of the articles (Smith, 1997) and justify the need for news research to take place (Munhall, 2006). This allow the reader to be aware of what already exist aboutShow MoreRelatedBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagessharp doglegs, and vast water barriers. It is difficult to score well in such conditions. Substantial pressures and barriers, both internal and external, can inhibit the brand builder. To be able to develop effective brand strategies, it is useful to understand these pressures and barriers Different factors that make it difficult to build brands are shown in the figure above. The first, pressure to compete on price, directly affects the motivation to build brands. The second reason, the proliferation